Ultrasonic flaw detection is one of the earliest applications of industrial ultrasonic testing, a safe and efficient NDT method, that has remained one of the most frequently used techniques to date. The equipment used for this method follows the basic principles of physics in order to identify various defects within a wide range of materials. To learn more about ultrasonic flaw detection equipment and how it works, read all about it below:
Basic principles
The performance of ultrasonic flaw detection equipment is based on the simple principle of sound waves. That is, sound waves are mechanical vibrations that can be sent through mediums such as solids, liquids or gas at a specified velocity and direction. As they meet a different medium, the waves bounce back creating a readable transmission.
What this means for NDT testing is that high frequency sound waves can be projected through solid materials such as metals, plastics, ceramics and more, in order to reflect various flaws within the materials including cracks, porosity and other defects. These flaws are detected by means of an echo created by the sound waves which is recorded and displayed on the screens of certain portable equipment.
The equipment
A transducer is a type of ultrasonic flaw detection equipment that makes use of electrical and sound energy in order to produce information regarding defects within a weld. The energy in question is electrical and sound, which these transducers can transform into one another to receive the required data. The transducer makes use of a high voltage electrical pule that sends sounds waves through an element due to vibrations at particular frequencies. When the sound waves bounce back and create vibrations through the material, they are received by the transducer and transformed into readable electrical energy.
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